La resaca alcohólica: Un problema de salud pública escasamente investigado

La falta de interés científico en la investigación sobre la resaca alcohólica es peligrosa. A casi todas las personas que alguna vez consumieron alcohol les resultan familiares los efectos desagradables de la resaca que pueden surgir al día siguiente de una noche de farra y la forma en que estos síntomas pueden afectar el desarrollo de las actividades al día siguiente de haber bebido.

La resaca alcohólica comprende una constelación de sensaciones desagradables como adormecimiento, náuseas y disminución de la sensación de alerta, lo cual puede resultar en un día de miseria generalizada después de una noche de borrachera. Aunque la resaca alcohólica tiene consecuencias económicas serias en lo que respecta al ausentismo y al mal desempeño laboral, la investigación es limitada. Además, los conocimientos actuales sobre las causas específicas de la resaca alcohólica son insuficientes como para idear un tratamiento adecuado. Hasta el momento, el mejor remedio para prevenir las resacas es disminuir el consumo de alcohol. Las respuestas cognitivas y psicomotoras pueden verse afectadas en forma significativa durante la resaca. Está demostrado que la respuesta de la memoria a largo plazo se disminuye significativamente, mientras que la memoria a corto plazo y la capacidad de reconocimiento no se vieron afectadas.

Las causas de la resaca alcohólica permanecen desconocidas. Si embargo se piensa que los efectos del etanol y sus metabolitos derivados (especialmente el acetaldehido) y congéneres: la deshidratación, los trastornos del sueño y los cambios fisiológicos, endocrinos y psicológicos, juegan un papel importante en la producción de los síntomas de la resaca.

Los bebedores compulsivos son 21 veces más propensos que los no compulsivos a hacer perjuicios, no rendir en el trabajo, no cumplir con deberes estudiantiles, dañar la propiedad privada, dañarse o herirse, verse involucrado en actividades sexuales no planificadas, no usar protección durante las relaciones sexuales, entre otros. El impacto sobre las vidas de otras personas que rodean a los bebedores compulsivos es evidente, ya que entre otras cosas, sufren interrupciones del sueño, deben hacerse cargo de alguien intoxicado, son humillados o insultados, tienen discusiones serias, participan en peleas o menos frecuente, son víctimas de ataques sexuales.

Hasta el momento, los efectos de la resaca en la habilidad para conducir permanecen inciertos. Sin embargo, durante la resaca se reduce significativamente la capacidad de alerta y numerosos efectos adversos.

Son escasos los estudios que investigan tratamientos posibles para aliviar los síntomas de la resaca o los métodos preventivos para evitarlos. Además, el desempeño cognitivo y psicomotor puede verse disminuido significativamente durante la resaca. Actualmente, el único tratamiento adecuado para prevenir la aparición de la resaca es disminuir el consumo de alcohol. Salud!

Comentarios

  1. En todo caso, hay ciertas cosas que uno hacer que borran bastante bien la resaca, o "cana".
    Una de ellas es comer antes de tomar pastas. Algo tienen que absorben el alcohol o algo así y uno despierta como nuevo.
    Otra cosa es tomarse una cucharada de aceite. También tiene algo que ver con la absorción, pero es bastante más asqueroso!!!
    A ver si les resulta a aquellos que no pueden o no quiere tomar menos ;)

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  2. Ehhh...para despertar sin resaca hay que tomar responsablemente y sólo ron Havana Club + bebida...yo despierto cero kilómetro.

    ...harto poco científica la respuesta pero está basada en conocimientos empíricos jajajaja

    Salud!os

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  3. La verdad sí se sabe por qué uno se siente taaan mal con el exceso de etanol. Éste provoca un desbalance en la delación NAD+/NADH, aumentando el NADH, que inhibe el ciclo de Krebs y además saturando la cadena respiratoria, y provocando acumulación de glucosa, grasas, lo que normalmente va para allá. Más aún, un metabolito de la degradacion del etanol, el acetaldehído, se une a proteínas provocando nefastas consecuencias... igual hay investigaciones que van enfocadas a la bioquímica de la curadera....peor en fin...lo mejor es no tomar en exceso porque después uno vomita mucho y se agarra la feroz alcalosis metabólica

    Saludos.

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  4. mmmm el remedio o solucion es tomar vodka no mas...jajaja..buen tema. felicitaciones!

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  5. pero sòlo ABSOLUT... nada màs

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  6. ok, pero citron, absolut citron, lo mejor. salud prima

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  7. salud primita... cuando nos juntamos?

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  8. hey si van a tomar no manejen cabros y si manejan no tomen. tomate el tiempo necesario para llegar a casa pero no tomes todo el tiempo o.k.

    sad..

    ResponderBorrar
  9. Es interesante el tema, se podrían hacer más investigaciones sobre como los diversos componentes quimicos interactuan para generar los problemas de la resaca.

    ResponderBorrar
  10. Por eso la idea, que incluso promueven los mismos productores de bebidas alcolhólicas, es beber con moderación para disfutar mejor los licores y no sufrir las desagradables consecuencias que conocemos

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  11. En realidad, la resaca es lo más desagradable de beber en exceso, pero es momentanea, creo que hay que poner mucha atención en las consecuencias sociales y personales que provoca el exceso de alcohol, como la impresionante cantidad de accidentes automovilisticos y otros similares que muchas veces cuestan vidas, y ojo ahí no corre el dicho de "no te salió ni por cura'o". Así que a beber con moderación o simplemente a no beber, aunque cuesta más que la ...

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  12. Anónimo12:29 a.m.

    yo tomo mucha agua en exeso antes de dormir, y despues empiezo a orinar, y sigo tomando agua.
    el proceso es molesto pero preferible que andar con resaca al otro dia

    ResponderBorrar
  13. Anónimo3:38 p.m.

    El motivo de por que no se hacen estudios es por que se dispararian los indices de alcoholismo en el mundo, imaginate si aun que ya sabemos lo que es una resaca y nos atrevemos a tomar, que seria si no hubiera esta faceta mala del alcohol. es mejor tomar poco y disfrutar que excederse pero con una cruda al otro dia.

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  40. Buena aportación nunca pensé sobre este tema, siempre se le da tanta importancia al consumo moderado de alcohol, pero nunca pensé en el remedio y las consecuencias del consumo de éste, quién sabe, si en algún futuro se pudiera remedir la resaca, es un tema de investigación interesante a mi parecer, y bueno a parte de toda la información que añades me pareció curioso cuando comentas que a largo plazo se tiene problemas de memoria, me impacto puesto que, de los principales síntomas es el no acordarse del pasado cercano.
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